منابع مشابه
High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy
Kilometer-scale neutrino detectors such as IceCube are discovery instruments covering nuclear and particle physics, cosmology and astronomy. Examples of their multidisciplinary missions include the search for the particle nature of dark matter and for additional small dimensions of space. In the end, their conceptual design is very much anchored to the observational fact that Nature accelerates...
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Neutrinos are very promising probes for high energy astrophysics. Indeed, many indications suggest that cosmic objects where acceleration of charged particles takes place, e.g. GRBs and AGNs, are the sources of the detected UHECRs. Accelerated hadrons, interacting with ambient gas or radiation, can produce HE neutrinos. Contrarywise to charged particles and TeV gamma rays, neutrinos can reach t...
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The highly non-trivial structure of the θ–vacuum encodes many of the fundamental properties of gauge theories. In particular, the response of the vacuum to the θ–term perturbation is sensitive to the existence of confinement, chiral symmetry breaking, etc. We analyze the dependence of the vacuum energy density on θ around two special values, θ = 0 and θ = π. The existence or not of singular beh...
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There appears to be three, perhaps related, ways of approaching the nature of vacuum energy. The first is to say that it is just the lowest energy state of a given, usually quantum, system. The second is to equate vacuum energy with the Casimir energy. The third is to note that an energy difference from a complete vacuum might have some long range effect, typically this energy difference is int...
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What can the quantum liquid say on the brane black hole, the entropy of extremal black hole and the vacuum energy? Using quantum liquids one can simulate the behavior of the quantum vacuum in the presence of the event horizon. The condensed matter analogs demonstrate that in most cases the quantum vacuum resists to formation of the horizon, and even if the horizon is formed different types of t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2006
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1128570